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The hand-held circular saw is the most conventional circular saw. This miter saw is a circular saw mounted to swing to cut wood at an angle.
A circular saw is a power saw that uses a toothed or abrasive disc or blade to cut various materials using a rotary motion that rotates around a mandrel. The hole saw and ring saw also use a rotary motion but are different from a circular saw. Circular saws can also be used loosely to the blade itself. Circular saws were invented in the late 18th century and were widely used in sawmills in the United States until the mid-19th century.
A circular saw is a tool for cutting many materials such as wood, masonry, plastic, or metal and can be hand-held or mounted on a machine. In woodworking, the term "circular saw" refers specifically to the handheld type, and table saw and slicing saw are other popular forms of circular saws. 'Skilsaw' and 'Skil saw' have become typical trademarks of conventional hand-held circular saws. Circular saw blades are specially designed for each material that is designed to cut, and for cutting wood they are specially designed to perform rip cuts, cross cuts, or a combination of both. Circular saws are typically powered by electricity but can be powered by a gasoline or hydraulic motor, allowing them to be attached to heavy equipment, eliminating the need for a separate power source.
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The circular saw was invented at the end of the 18th century as a ripsaw for converting logs to lumber in sawmills, and various claims have been made as to who invented it. Before the design was invented, the logs were sawed by hand with a plunge or power saw saws in a sawmill using an up-and-down saw with a reciprocating motion. The rotating nature of the circular saw requires more power to operate but cuts faster as the teeth are constantly in motion. The sound of a circular saw differs from the sound of a saw moving up and down and has earned the nickname of a circular saw.
Sawmills were the first to use smaller diameter circular saws to cut wood to sizes, such as slats and wall studs, and for edging boards. With the advancement of technology, large-diameter saw blades began to be used for face saws and for cutting boards.
A common claim concerns a little-known sailmaker named Samuel Miller from Southampton, England, who obtained a patent for a sawmill in 1777. However, the specification of this saw only incidentally mentions the shape of the saw, indicating that it was probably not his invention.
Gervinus of Germany is often credited with inventing the circular saw in 1780.
Walter Taylor of Southampton had the blockmaking contract for Portsmouth Dockyard. In about 1762 he built a sawmill where he roughed out the blocks. This was replaced by another mill in 1781. Descriptions of his machinery there in the 1790s show that he had circular saws. Taylor patented two other improvements to blockmaking but not the circular saw. This suggests either that he did not invent it or that he published his invention without patenting it (which would mean it was no longer patentable).
Another claim is that it comes from the Netherlands in the 16th or 17th century.
The use of a large circular saw in a sawmill is said to have been invented in 1813 by Tabitha Babbitt, the inventor of Shaker, after she noticed the ineffectiveness of traditional saw pits used by sawyers in her community and sought improvement. This claim is now largely discredited.
The Barringer, Manners, and Wallis factory in Rock Valley, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire also claims to be the site of the invention.
Typically, the material to be cut is securely clamped or held in a vice and the saw moves slowly over it. Invariants such as a table saw the saw is fixed and the material to be cut is slowly fed into the saw blade. As each tooth of the blade hits the material, it creates a small chip. The teeth guide the chip out of the workpiece, preventing it from binding the blade.
Cutting is done with the teeth on the edge of the metal blade or with an abrasive disc
The cut has a narrow cut and a relatively smooth surface finish
The cuts are straight and relatively accurate
The saw usually leaves burrs on the cut edge of the metal and plastic (which must then be attacked with sandpaper)
The setting of the saw should be geometric
Types of circular saws
In addition to handheld circular saws (see below), various saws that use circular saw blades include:
Originally circular saws in mills had smaller blades and were used to resaw lumber after it passed through an "up and down" (muley or sash) saw leaving both vertical and circular saw characters on different sides of the same piece. These saws made cutting small pieces such as a slat more efficient. After 1813 or 1822, saw mills use large circular saws up to 3 meters (9 feet) in diameter. Large saws require more power than up and down saws and did not become practical for sawing wood until powered by steam engines. They are left-handed or right-handed, depending on which side of the blade comes off the board. Benching determines which hand is the saw. Saws of this size usually have an off-axis shear pinhole that breaks when the saw is overloaded and allows it to pivot freely. The most popular version is the ITCO (tooth cutting insert), which has replaceable teeth. Saw blades are also used as an alternative to radial arm saws.
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