Hydraulic pressure control valves are important elements in almost every hydraulic system because they regulate the pressure of the hydraulic fluid within the systems. Hydraulic pressure control valves make the fluid pressure under the maximum limit in order to ensure the optimal performance of the relevant applications.
In systems that involve hydraulic fluid as the medium for motion transmission, either the sufficient volume or the pressure of the flow determines the success or failure of the operation. For example, the hydraulic cylinder, also known as the hydraulic actuator, is a device that is common on machine tools. The hydraulic cylinder utilizes hydraulic fluid, such as water or oil, to force the motor to drive. Once the motor drives the moving parts of the mechanism, the motion transmission is complete.
In other cases, the piping system is widely used for water supply in a building or an area where water is needed. The delivery of water is not to merely connect the water source to the applications with the pipes. In fact, the process matters in whether the delivery is successful or not, because it takes a long route to deliver water from one place to another.
How does the driving force from hydraulic fluid constantly provide appropriate pressure for the motor? How is the amount of water kept sufficient as it passes through the pipes? The hydraulic pressure control valves are the answer for these questions. With the hydraulic pressure control valves, they allow the smooth operation no matter how complex the mechanisms are.
Hydraulic pressure control valves come in a variety of types, and each type has specific design that differentiates one valve from another. The common construction of a hydraulic pressure control valve contains a main valve, an inlet and an outlet, a spring, a spring adjustment screw, and a pressure sensing passage.
The main valve covers most parts of the valve. On the sides of the valve, there are several openings that are designed as the ports of the inlet and outlet. For some types of pressure control valves, a protruded part of the spring adjustment screw can be seen from the exterior of the main valve, while others are not.
The inlet is where the fluid pressure is given, and the outlet is where the regulated pressure is released. However, the arrangement of the inlet and outlet is not the same on every pressure control valve. Depending on the function of each type, the inlet and outlet may be set on the same or different sides.
The spring acts when the fluid pressure is given from the inlet, which means it is the spring that controls the pressure. As the pressure comes from the inlet, the spring would be compressed. With the buffer of the compressed spring, it helps release the excessive pressure and send out the fluid with appropriate pressure from the outlet.
Some of hydraulic pressure control valves are equipped with a spring adjustment screw. The screw can be used to change the setting of the spring, which makes the application of the valves more flexible.
Hydraulic pressure control valves can be categorized into four main types, including pressure relief valves, pressure reducing valves, sequence valves, and counterbalance valves.
The pressure relief valves are closed valves, which have the inlet and outlet on different sides. This type of valve is designed as two forms, one is with a bypass, and the other is not. When these valves are in use, they divert the excessive pressure in order to fulfill the requirement.
The difference between the pressure reducing valves and others is that they are usually open, and this feature can be derived from the 2-way inlet and outlet design. In addition, this type also comes in two forms, including direct acting and pilot operated.
Like most other pressure control valves, the sequence valves are closed valves. Besides, they are equipped with 2-way inlet and outlet, which are similar to the pressure reducing valves.
Different from other pressure control valves, which regulate the fluid pressure within the differentiation, the counterbalance valves do so by maintaining it. In other words, this type of valve keeps the hydraulic fluid remaining the set pressure, so as to prevent the pressure from suddenly dropping or increasing.
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